Edward III Plantagenet King of England
Reigned 1327-1377. Edward assumed effective power in 1330 after imprisoning
his mother and executing her lover Roger de Mortimer who had murdered his
father; therafter his reign was dominated by military adventures. His victory
in Scotland, especially at Haildon Hill 1333 encouraged him to plan (1363) the
union of England and Scotland. Through his mother he claimed the French throne
thus starting (1337) the Hundred years war. His son John of Gaunt dominated
the government during his last years. Died of a Stroke.
Reigned 1307-1327 deposed and murdered. 1st Prince of Wales.
His reign was troubled by extravagances, his militarist disasters in Scotland
notably at Bannockburn (1314) and unpopularity of his favourite peers
Gaveston who died in 1312 and Hugh le Despencer 1262-1326.
He was deposed on 21 Jan 1327, and murdered by a red-hot poker in his bowels.
Invested as the first English Prince of Wales in 1301.
Edward I Longshanks King of England
Reigned 1272-1307
In the Barons war 1264-67 he defeated the Barons at Evesham (1265) as King
he is noted for encouraging Parliamentary institutions at the expense of
feudalism and for subduing Wales on which he imposed the English system of
administration. He later tried to assert his authority over Scotland and died
while on his way to fight Robert Bruce.
Reigned 1216-1272. A minor when he took the throne he did not take the reigns
of Government himself until 1234. Baronian discontent simmered, boiling over
in 1258 when Henry facing financial disaster attempted to raise large sums
from his magnates. Reforms were agreed upon but then renouced by Henry. Simon
de Montford lead a rebellion against the King (the Barons Wars) which was
defeated after initial success, thereafter Henry ceded much of his power to
his son.
After King Henry died she tooks the veil at Amesbury.
The Complete Peerage vol.IV,p.320-321,note c.
Reigned 1199-1216. Signed Magna Carta in 1215 at Runnymede.
His reign saw renewal of war with Phillip II Augustus of France to whom he has
lost several continental possesions including Normandy by 1205. He came into
conflict with his Barons and was forced to Sign the Magna Carta. His later
repudiation of the charter led to the first barons war 1215-17 during which
John died. Burke says he was born in 1160.
King of Ireland 1177, Count of Mortain 1189, Earl of Gloucester.
She was betrothed to Hugh before she married John. After John's death she
retired to her native city and eventually married Hugh after about 3 years.
Countess of Angoulême 1202.