Stockholm in 1570.
|
|
| Sigismund I of
Sweden (Sigismund III of Poland) |
Karl IX |
| 1600 | Second war with Poland starts. The ruins of Pompeii discovered. |
| 1602 | Dutch East India Company founded. |
| 1603 | First Gothenburg founded. Johann Bayer publishes the first complete celestial sphere star map and introduces the Bayer star designations. |
| 1607 | Karl IX crowned king of Sweden. Luis Vaez de Torres discovers Torres Strait by being forced by winds to go south of New Guinea on his way from Vanuatu to Manila. Claudio Monteverdi writes the opera 'Orfeo' |
| 1609 | February, Sweden and Poland gets involved in a Russian
civil war, Sweden on the side of tsar Vasilij Sjuiskij. Rebels supported by Poland are trying to put Sigismunds son Vladislav Vasa as tsar. As reward, Sweden will recieve the county of Kexholm permanently. |
| 1610 | March, Swedish forces enter Moscow, but are forced
to give up thier support for the tsar in return for free passage home.
Vladislav Vasa new tsar of Russia. Tea introduced in Europe by the Dutch. The French invent the flintlock mechanism for firearms. Sweden declares war on Russia to lock out Russia from the Baltic Sea. |
| 1611 | 
Denmark declares war. Sweden is already at war with both Russia and Poland
at this point. Karl IX dies, Gustav II Adolf becomes king of Sweden. Gothenburg destroyed by Denmark. Gustav II Adolf
|
| 1613 | Peace with Denmark. Sweden to pay 1 million daler
silver in ransom for Älfsborg fortress (Gothenburg). |
| 1615 | Willem Schouten discovers Cape Horn. |
| 1616 | Death of William Shakespeare. |
| 1617 | Peace with Russia, Sweden gains Kexholm, remaining
parts of Estonia and Livonia and 20000 roubles. Sweden recognises Michail
Romanov as tsar and loses Novgorod. Russia is now locked out from the Baltic
Sea. Swedish nobility gains further privileges, such as exclusive right to high offices (this were to remain until 1809) and further reduced tax. |
| 1618 | 30 years war breaks out. Keplers three laws on planetary motion details shape of orbits, variations of orbital speed and orbit time dependant on distance to the sun. October, Paridon van Horn and Christian Welshuisen signs a contract to build three ships in Västervik. |
| 1619 | Last payment to Denmark. Gothenburg founded (Again.
-in a new place) built and populated mostly by foreigners. |
| 1620 | Antonius Monier leases the Skeppsholmen Shipyard
in Stockholm. He employs master shipwright Henrik Hybertsson. Gustav II Adolf allocates generous anounts of money for the resuming of Uppsala University (founded 1477) |
| 1621 | Sweden captures Riga. Mandatory for all craftsmen to be licensed by the appropriate guild. Monier and Hybertsson are given a contract to build three ships, Maria, Gustavus and Mercurius at Skeppsholmen, Stockholm. |
| 1622 | Monier and Hybertsson are given a contract to build
an additional ship, Tre Kronor. In Västervik, Äpplet is launched as the largest ship of three, longer than the Vasa. Builders are Paridon van Horn and Christian Welshuisen. |
| 1623 | In England, dutchman Cornelius Drebbel demonstrates the
worlds first working submarine, taking it down the Thames at a depth of 15 feet. |
| 1624 | A contract draft for Henrik and Arent Hybertsson
to build four ships; two of the same size as 'Gustavus' and two large ships,
136 feet long and 34 feet wide. December, A new contract for the lease is written, specifying one large ship to be built and two smaller ships (the same size as Gustavus). |
| 1625 | February, Henrik and Arent Hybertsson signs a contract
to repair Äpplet, which has proved to suffer from hull weakness problems.
10 ships are wrecked in a storm while on patrol in the bay of Riga. A fire destroys part of Stockholm. Van Horn and Welshuisen buys back Äpplet, they were to pay by building two ships Nya Svärdet and Västervik, plus supply tackling for Vasa. October, Tre Kronor launched. William Oughtred invents the slide rule. November, Henrik Hybertsson falls ill. |
| 1626 | Tre Kronor delivered Vasas keel is laid, possibly later lengthened. Dutch traders purchase Manhattan from the local indians. |
| 1627 | Spring (March?), Henrik Hybertsson dies after a longer illness. Margareta Nilsdotter, Henrik's widow, takes over his responsibilties at the shipyard. Vasa delivered Swedish flagship, 22 gun Tigern of 1624, is captured by the Polish, sister ship Solen (38 guns) blows itself up to avoid the same fate. 
First sighting of South Australia by the Dutch. |
| 1628 | Äpplet delivered. August 10, Vasa capsizes.  Note: topgallant masts not rigged. Only four sails set. August 21, Vasa righted with the help of 'Gamla Svärdet' September 6, Riksnyckeln 1617, of 28 guns, runs aground and sinks on it's way home with wounded. September, Arent Hybertsson resigns his citizenship and flees the country. |
| 1629 | January, VOC ship Batavia wrecked off west Australia. January 9, The shipyard lease contract signed by the Hybertsson brothers is terminated. Admiral Claes Fleming takes over management. |
| 1630 | February, ceasefire with Poland (Peace wasn't signed
until 1660) June, Gustav II Adolf lands on Usedom, northern germany with a force of 13000. 
Gustav II Adolf lands in Germany |
| 1631 | Klas Fleming signs a contract for Albrekt van Velden
to build three ships in Gothenburg, the largest (Göta Ark) is to be the
largest in the fleet: 168 feet long and 40 feet wide. Battle of Breitenfelt, Gustav II Adolfs victories on the continent brings him to the head of the protestant forces carrying the title 'Protector Germaniae'. Sweden is to receive 400000 daler a year for five years for maintaining an army of 36000 in Europe. |
| 1632 | September, Kronan launched, five feet longer than
Äpplet. November, at the age of 37, Gustav II Adolf is killed in the battle of Lützen (which he in spite of this misfortune, wins) 'Tigern' recaptured from the Polish. |
| 1633 | Galileo Galilei is brough before the Inquisistion
in Rome where he, at the threat of torture and death at the stake was forced
to "abjure, curse and detest" the view that the sun is the centre of the solar
system. |
| 1634 | Göta Ark finished. |
| 1636 | Swedish postal service. Farms were to supply relay
runners equipped with spear and signal horn. |
| 1638 | Ships Kalmare Nyckel and Fågel Grip arrives
in north america (now Delaware), colony New Sweden established. Richly decorated ship Sovereign of the Seas completed in England. |
| 1639 | In North America, Swede Jonas Jonson Brunk buys
a piece of land from the local indians, it became known as Bronk's land,
later Bronx. |
| 1640 | Stockholm outgrows it's old city plan, city walls
demolished. |
| 1645 | First newspaper in Sweden, Ordinari Post Tijdender
(later 'Post och Inrikes Tidningar') |
| 1648 | Peace of Westfalia. 30 yers war over. The Dutch Republic independance from Spain officially recognised. (7 of the 17 provinces break free) End of 80 years war (Dutch revolt) |
| 1650 | René Descartes dies of pneumonia in Stockholm
where he had been invited as a teacher for Queen Christina. |